第一章 新經濟新動能的理論認識
Chapter One Theory of New Economy and New Growth Driver

傳統經濟的增長主要靠資本積累和擴大再生產，無論是內涵擴大再生產還是外延擴大再生產，都離不開資本勞動的投入和技術革新。在傳統經濟的增長過程中，資本和勞動的作用呈明顯的下降趨勢，技術進步的作用則明顯上升。但總的來講，傳統經濟的增長動力主要來源于資源、勞動和企業的規模效益，其增長速度屬于算術級增長。新經濟增長的主要動力是創新。在這種知識型的經濟增長模式中，知識是經濟增長的最主要的要素；知識化產業、高科技產業和智業是新經濟增長的主要生長點和支柱產業，其增長速度呈幾何級增長。新經濟沒有完全否定傳統經濟，如同工業經濟沒有完全否定農業經濟一樣，傳統經濟依然是整個社會經濟的重要基礎。傳統經濟的比重雖然在下降，但并不會消失，它仍然有存在的必要和空間。傳統經濟為新經濟提供必要的物質基礎。新經濟只不過是用新的方式和新的產品代替傳統經濟以滿足人類的需要，或者填補人類需要的空白。一旦用新經濟方式生產或經營傳統經濟的產品，那么傳統經濟也就改造成了新經濟①。

The growth of traditional economy mainly depends on capital accumulation and expanded reproduction. No matter it is expanded from connotation or extension, it is inseparable from capital labor input and technological innovation. In the traditional economic growth, the role of capital and labor shows an obvious downward trend, while the role of technological progress increases significantly. However, generally speaking, the growth power of traditional economy mainly comes from resources, labor and scale efficiency of enterprises. Innovation is the main driving force of new economic growth. In this mode of knowledge-based economic growth, knowledge is the most important factor of economic growth. Knowledge-based industry, high-tech industry and intellectual industry are the main growth points and pillar industries of new economic growth with higher growth rate than the traditional economy. To develop the new economy is not to negate the traditional economy completely, nor is the industrial economy to the agricultural economy. The traditional economy is still the important foundation for the whole social economy. Although the proportion of traditional economy is declining, it will not disappear. It still has the necessity and space to exist. The traditional economy provides the necessary material basis for the new economy. The new economy is just to replace the traditional economy with new ways and new products to meet the needs of human beings, or to fill the gap of human needs. Once the traditional economy's produces are produced or managed by the new economic mode, the traditional economy will be transformed into the new economy.

隨著互聯網的快速興起，人類已全面進入信息社會，新的經濟學理論必然反映信息時代的諸多特征，解決經濟社會活動面臨的新問題。如何讓“新經濟”理論更好地指導服務于社會經濟實踐，需要對新經濟的內涵、特征及發展規律等有更為深刻的認識。

With the rapid rise of the Internet, human beings have entered the information society in an all-round way. New economic theories are bound to reflect many characteristics of the information age and solve new problems in the economic and social activities. How to make the theory of“new economy”better serve the social and economic practice? A deeper understanding of the connotation, characteristics and development law of the new economy is needed.

在我國經濟高質量發展的過程中，“新經濟”無疑是推動經濟高質量發展不可或缺的重要力量。促進“新經濟”發展是建設現代化產業體系、建設社會主義現代化國家的必然要求，同時也是應對新時代背景下我國所面臨的不平衡不充分的社會主要矛盾的有效路徑①。黨的十九大報告提出“加快建設創新型國家”，明確“創新是建設現代化經濟體系的戰略支撐”。近年來，我國經濟由高速增長階段轉向高質量發展階段，新一輪信息技術革命的不斷深化、新產業雨后春筍般出現、新商業模式源源不斷涌現、新產品摩肩接踵面世，對“新經濟”的理論研究隨之升溫。新動能即新動力作用于經濟運行而產生的前進能量，是指以互聯網、物聯網、大數據、云計算等新一代信息技術應用為基礎，一系列相關技術突破為支撐，大量新產業、新業態、新模式快速涌現并匯聚而成的產業發展新勢能①。從這個角度講，發展“新經濟”是培育“新動能”的重要措施，而“新經濟”的核心又是“新技術”。歸根結底，新技術的創新是發展新經濟、培育新動能的根源所在。

In China's high-quality economic development, “new economy”is undoubtedly an indispensable force to promote high-quality economic development. To promote the development of“new economy”is the inevitable requirement of building a modern industrial system and socialist country, and is also the effective way to deal with the unbalanced and inadequate social contradictions faced by our country in the new era. The report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China put forwards“accelerating the construction of an innovative country”, and made it clear that“innovation is the strategic support for the construction of a modern economic system”. In recent years, China's economy has changed from the development stage of high-speed to high-quality. With the deepening of a new round of information technology revolution, the emergence of new industries, new business models and new products, the theoretical research on the“new economy”is heating up. New growth driver refers to the forward energy from the new power of economic operation by using new-generation information technology such as Internet, Internet of things, big data, cloud computing, and the support of a series of related technological breakthroughs. A large number of new industries, new form of business, and new models are emerging and converging rapidly. From this point of view, the development of“new economy”is an important measure to cultivate“new growth drivers”. The core of“new economy”the“new technology”. In conclusion, the innovation of new technology is the root of developing new economy and cultivating new growth drivers.