摘要

摘要：首都是一個承載國家政權中樞功能的區域政治實體，它的功能定位、建設管理是一個國家政治生活中的重要內容，也是一個重要的憲法法律問題。新中國成立以來，北京的首都功能經過60余年的演變與拓展，確立了全國政治中心、文化中心、國際交往中心、科技創新中心的新功能定位，并將非首都功能的疏解納入京津冀協同發展規劃。本報告借鑒日本、韓國、美國、加拿大、澳大利亞等國家的首都立法經驗，立足京津冀協同發展的實際和實踐，提出了比“首都經濟圈”涵蓋范圍更廣的“首都圈”概念，并從首都城市發展規模以及首都功能定位與布局的視角，對“首都圈”的機構設置與職權職責進行研究；闡述和分析了首都功能定位和功能實現立法保障的作用和機制，并從國家立法、首都立法和地方立法這三個立法主體、三個立法層次，提出適應首都功能實現和京津冀協同發展的立法架構。本報告建議將京津冀協同立法納入首都立法體系中的“首都圈管理法”，并將京津冀城市規劃內容納入立法，規定首都區域劃分、首都圈的概念和地域范圍、首都圈建設的主要目標、首都圈管理規劃以及首都圈管理的體制機制、組織機構、職權職責和運行程序，以立法來保障首都功能實現和非首都功能的有序疏解。

關鍵詞：首都功能；首都立法；首都圈；京津冀；協同立法

Abstract:The capital city is the regional politi cal entity that carries the functions of the center of state power of the country.The functional orientation and the management of the construction of the capital city is an important content of the politi cal life of the country,as well as an important constitutional and legal issue.Today,the capital functional orientation of Beijing,after over 60 years of evolution and expansion since the founding of the People's Republic of China,has been established as the politi cal center,the cultural center,the international exchange center and the scientific and technologi cal innovation centre of China,with functions non-essential to Beijing's role as the capital city being relocated and incorporated into the plan for the coordinated development of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region.This report,drawing on the experiences of capital legislation of such countries as Japan,South Korea,US,Canada and Australia and basing on the reality and practice of coordinated development of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region,puts forward the concept of“the capital circle”,which has broader coverage than the concept of“the capital economic circle”,carries out research on the institutional setup and related competences and responsibilities of“the capital circle”from the perspectives of the s cale of urban development,the functional orientation and the lay out of the capital city,expounds and analyzes the role and mechanism of legislative guarantee in the functional orientation and the realization of the functions of the capital city,and puts forward a legislative framework conducive to the realization of capital functions of Beijing and the coordinated development of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region from the perspective of three subjects or levels of legislation,namely national legislation,capital legislation and lo cal legislation.The report proposes that China incorporate the legislation on the coordinated development of the Beijing-TianjinHebei region into the“law on the administration of the capital circle”in the capital legislative system and the content of the urban planning for Beijing,Tianjin and Hebei into relevant legislation,providing for such matters as the administrative division of the capital,the concept and geographic scope of the capital circle,the main objectives of the construction of the capital circle,the planning for the management of the capital circle,as well as the institutional mechanism,organizational structure,competences and responsibilities,and operational procedure of the management of the capital city,so as to guarantee through legislation the realization of capital functions and the orderly relocation of functions non-essential to Beijing's role as the capital city.

Key Words:functions of the capital city,capital legislation,the capital circle,the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region,coordinated legislation