Abstract

With the further deepening of economic globalization，as a market subject，companies are facing increasingly fierce global competition. With the rapid development of science and technology and the increasing requirement of innovation capability，the operational risk of a single enterprise trapped in R& D costs will intensify. Due ot the enormous advantage of capturing key generic technology，expanding industrial market space，providing services for specific objectives，promoting the benign development of industry，participating in international cooperation and competition and other aspects，R& D alliances are growing rapidly in this context. However，because of large resource investment，technological complexity，collaborative innovation risk，trust relationship between R& D alliances members，as the basis of cooperation and alliances important governance mechanism，is crucial. The depth analysis of the dynamic evolution mechanism of trust relationship between R& D alliance members，in order to solve the alliance governance issues，is the key to success of technological innovation.

Based on collating and summarizing relevant research results at home and abroad systematically，this paper which makes a combination use of norms scientific research methods，such as game theory and system science theory，and empirical methods，such as the actual research and machine learning，from the perspective of knowledge transfer，makes intensive research on the connotation，process，dynamics of trust evolution and trust evaluation and repair between alliance members. Revealing the mechanism of trust evolution between alliance members，this paper not only expands and enriches the perspective and method of trust management research，but also provides decision supporting and guidance for alliance managers to improve the level of alliance trust.

By analysing theoritical research results of organizational trust and trust evolution，using three levels of classic trust evolution model structured by calculus-based trust，knowledge-based trust，and identification-based trust for research ideas，this paper defines the connotation of R& D alliance trust and trust evolution，analyzes the factors of influencing alliance trust and types of knowledge transfer divided into technological，systemic and strategic knowledge between alliance members，and constructs an architecture of trust evolution in R& D alliance from the perspective of knowledge transfer.

On account of life cycle theory，this paper which types of knowledge transfer，process of trust evolution，and three stages of alliance formation，development and maturity combined，construct a theoretical model that revealing the mechanism of trust evolution in R& D alliance based on knowledge transfer. Analyzing the relevant literature of alliance，knowledge transfer and trust，this paper proposes hypotheses about the trust evolution mechanism of R& D alliance based on knowledge transfer，combines theoretical analysis of knowledge transfer and trust evolution throughout the three stages of alliance developing，and constructs an integrated theoretical model of trust evolution throughout the three stages of alliance，which related to technological knowledge，systemic knowledge，strategic knowledge transfer as independent variables，calculus-based trust，knowledge-based trust，identification-based trust as the dependent variable，and key factors as intermediate variable introduced from a classic integrated model of organizational trust.

Based on theoretical analysis，this paper makes an empirical test on the mechanism of trust evolution in R&D alliance by in-depth interviews and questionnaires for the actual research. The results indicate that technological knowledge transfer has a positive effect on （perceived） ability，whereas strategic knowledge transfer is positively related to integrity and benevolence，and systemic knowledge transfer is positively correlated with ability，integrity and benevolence. The results also demonstrate that ability and integrity are positively correlated with calculus-based and knowledge-based trust，whereas benevolence has a positive effect on identification-based trust. At the formation，development and maturation stage of alliance，calculus-based，knowledge-based trust，and identification-based trust is positively correlated with technological，systemic and strategic knowledge transfer separately.

On the basis ofanalyzing trust evolutionary path in R&D alliance from knowledge transfer perspective，this paper mainly explores trust evaluation and trust repair in the process of trust evolution. Analyzing the two-dimensionality of trust and distrust and trust asymmetry，trust evolutionary path is proposed on the basis of knowledge transfer. Applying rough sets and wavelet support vector machine method，trust evaluation model is built and the empirical results verify the validity and accuracy of it. In the context that the subjects were divided into leaders and general members，and the leaders in R & D alliance make trust repair decisions when trust violation occur，this paper constructs herd behavior model of trust repair based on knowledge transfer. The results demonstrate that，herd behavior may occur when alliance leaders who have private information in the case of bounded rationality. Finally，herd behavior model of trust repair and its occurred condition are verified through numerical examples.

Keywords：R & D Alliances；Knowledge Transfer；Trust；Trust Evolution