Getting Started and Working with Shell Scripting

If you work with Linux, you will come across the shell. It's usually the first program you work with. Graphical user interface (GUI) usage has become very popular due to its ease of use. Those who want to take advantage of the power of Linux will use the shell program by default:

• The shell is a program that provides the user with direct interaction with the operating system. Let's understand the stages in the evolution of the Linux operating system. Linux was developed as a free and open source substitute for the Unix OS. The chronology was as follows: The Unix operating system was developed by Ken Thomson and Dennis Ritchie in 1969. It was released in 1970. They rewrote Unix using C language in 1972.
• In 1991, Linus Torvalds developed the Linux kernel for the free
  operating system.

In this chapter, we will cover the following topics:

• Comparison of shells
• Working in shell
• Learning basic Linux commands
• Our first script—Hello World
• Compiler and interpreter–differences in processes
• When not to use scripts
• Various directories
• Working more effectively with shell–basic commands
• Working with permissions