37 fly by, buy something
Henry:今天我們談甚麼?
趙Sir:By和buy是一對同音異義字,你對這兩個字有甚麼認識?
Henry:我記得前美國總統林肯(Abraham Lincoln)在Gettysburg Address(蓋茨堡演說)中說:“That this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom — and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.”(這個國家在上帝的見證下,將會有自由重生——這個民有、民治、民享的國家,將不會從地球消失。)
趙Sir:“民有、民治、民享”正是民主(democracy)的定義。言歸正傳!讓我們討論by與buy的用法。By可用作介詞(preposition),第一個意思是“由……引起”:
Children are fascinated by the idea of magic.
(孩子們想到魔法便著迷。)
第二個意思是“與……所生”,例如:
She had a child by each of her three husbands.
(她與三任丈夫各生了一個孩子。)
第三個意思是“由於”,例如:
We met quite by chance.
(我們相遇十分偶然。)
By a stroke of luck, I found the perfect title for my new book.
(在幸運驅使下,我為自己的新書找到絕佳書名。)
第四個意思是“過去”,例如:
The days and weeks seem to fly by.
(一天一週似飛逝而去。)
Henry:那麼buy又如何?
趙Sir:Buy是“買”,例如:
I need to buy some new clothes.
(我需要買一些新衣服。)
Now you can buy and sell shares on the Internet.
(目前在網絡上可以買賣股票。)
Henry:很多股票行唯有用低傭金來應付。
趙Sir:對!否則,必定“執笠”!