序語(yǔ)

集郵人的共同夢(mèng)想

編著一部較為完備的新中國(guó)普通郵票圖鑒，長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)一直是全國(guó)普票同仁的美好夙愿。記得，新中國(guó)普票研究會(huì)成立大會(huì)于2001年9月21日在南京召開(kāi)之際，我曾把這一研究課題提給大會(huì)。李秋實(shí)先生是一位潛心致學(xué)的有心人，經(jīng)歷15載的默默耕耘，辛勤勞作，終于實(shí)現(xiàn)了郵人的共同夢(mèng)想。

新中國(guó)普通郵票分為4個(gè)系列，即“全國(guó)通用（編序）普票”、“加字改值普票”、“限東北貼用普票”和“限旅大貼用普票”。普通郵票是主宰郵政通信的常用票種，發(fā)行量大、使用面廣、出售時(shí)間長(zhǎng)，加之普票經(jīng)常按需增添印量，郵票的版別多樣，版式變化豐富多彩。因此，除正票外的組外品、變體票、錯(cuò)體票、樣票、未發(fā)行票等集郵者夢(mèng)寐以求的品種就不斷產(chǎn)生，可供人們研究的課題相應(yīng)增加許多，這是普票特別受集郵者喜愛(ài)的一個(gè)重要因素。

正由于新中國(guó)普票的“另類”票品多，要統(tǒng)計(jì)出各個(gè)品種并列出一份詳細(xì)的清單是非常困難的事，這得靠有心人平時(shí)特別關(guān)注和長(zhǎng)期積累，再加上不菲的資金投入和細(xì)心觀察考證，才能有所收獲。我們知道，對(duì)普票的研究是集郵學(xué)術(shù)的微觀研究，需要相當(dāng)?shù)募]功底，也需要敬業(yè)精神，更需要豐富的藏品和對(duì)各種郵票的熟悉和了解，而所有這一切，本圖鑒的編著者李秋實(shí)都具備。他是一位普票收藏家，也是一位普票專家，一個(gè)完全懂行的人。他30多年來(lái)一直埋頭于新中國(guó)普票的收集和研究，也曾多次組編新中國(guó)普票展品參加全國(guó)、國(guó)際和世界郵展，并取得了不俗的成績(jī)。因此，憑他的豐富經(jīng)驗(yàn)和精心研究，編寫一本新中國(guó)普票專門圖鑒實(shí)乃駕輕就熟、水到渠成。本圖鑒中除正票外的其他許多較難得品種，大部分都是他自己的藏品或曾經(jīng)收藏過(guò)的，因此，對(duì)這些郵票的真?zhèn)闻袛嗪痛媸蓝喙训姆治觯秦?fù)責(zé)的和具一定權(quán)威性的。本圖鑒既是一本專業(yè)目錄，也是一本普票詳目，因此編著者在郵品的收集、整理、選擇、歸類、說(shuō)明、定價(jià)、制版等方面都是高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的，并且處理得精準(zhǔn)無(wú)誤。這是我把這本圖鑒推薦給讀者的一個(gè)主要原因。

本圖鑒對(duì)所有上述普票都作了詳細(xì)描述，編排很實(shí)用，查閱也方便，更難能可貴的是，對(duì)每種變體票和組外品，以及一些反映郵票史的實(shí)寄封，都附有清晰的彩圖。這不僅為人們參考和對(duì)照帶來(lái)方便，更是對(duì)這些票品存在的認(rèn)可和記錄，因此具有非常高的郵學(xué)和史料價(jià)值，殊為不易。其文字說(shuō)明不是簡(jiǎn)單羅列郵票的基本資料，而是在這個(gè)基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)各套（種）郵票都附有比較詳細(xì)的研究?jī)?nèi)容，如郵票背景資料、發(fā)行狀況、當(dāng)年郵資、郵票版式版模特征，以及珍品的流傳等情況，尤其有編著者本人在郵品研究上的獨(dú)到見(jiàn)解和探索上的新發(fā)現(xiàn)，這些都是郵票史料的積累和記錄，讀后猶如翻閱一篇篇集郵論文，無(wú)論對(duì)初集郵者還是集郵行家都有較大的啟發(fā)和借鑒作用，是一般目錄所不具備的。這是我推薦這本圖鑒給大家的又一個(gè)原因。

我們通常認(rèn)為，編著一本郵票目錄，對(duì)郵票的定價(jià)也是十分重要的。目錄上其他的資料都是“死的”（不會(huì)變化），唯獨(dú)價(jià)格是“活的”（時(shí)刻變化），因此定價(jià)是目錄編著中最困難的部分。在郵票的定價(jià)上，我們不求每枚票的價(jià)格絕對(duì)精準(zhǔn)，但求票與票之間的價(jià)位相對(duì)比較正確，這是郵票定價(jià)的關(guān)鍵之處，更是技巧之所在。本圖鑒的編著者在對(duì)郵票定價(jià)上火候掌握得很好，基本上能做到“八九不離十”，可以說(shuō)是緊跟郵市脈搏，不僅把絕對(duì)價(jià)格定得比較合理，就是相對(duì)價(jià)格的擬定也是經(jīng)過(guò)仔細(xì)的市場(chǎng)調(diào)查后得出的結(jié)論，是難能可貴的。這是我推薦這本圖鑒給讀者的又一個(gè)重要原因。

由衷地希望大家在參考和閱讀李秋實(shí)這本新中國(guó)普通郵票圖鑒的力作后，能讓已經(jīng)集有所成者獲得更多的郵學(xué)資料，又能使尚未起步者從此多一本引領(lǐng)入門的集郵文獻(xiàn)。

夢(mèng)想成真，《中國(guó)普通郵票圖鑒（1950—2013）》這部具有重要集郵意義和郵史價(jià)值的專業(yè)郵學(xué)力作，填補(bǔ)了普票研究領(lǐng)域的一項(xiàng)空白。作為新中國(guó)普票的早期收藏者、研究者、推行者，又是本目錄編著者的普票“老師”和親密朋友，特應(yīng)命為序。

2015年10月于上海

唐無(wú)忌：新中國(guó)普票專家、中華全國(guó)集郵聯(lián)合會(huì)會(huì)士、原上海市集郵協(xié)會(huì)副會(huì)長(zhǎng)。

Preface

A Common Dream of Philatelic Collectors

It has been a long-cherished wish of the Chinese definitive collectors to have a comprehensive illustrated catalogue of New China definitives compiled and published.I remember that I personally forwarded the subject matter at the inaugural session of New China Definitive Study Society in Nanjing on Sept.21，2001.Mr.Li Qiushi is a dedicated man of study，and his hard and diligent work over the past fifteen years has finally made this common dream of fellow-collectors a reality.

New China definitives are classified into three categories，namely，“general regulars（serilized）”，“surcharges/overprints”and “restricted use in northeast and Luda prints”.Definitive stamp is of a regular issue type overriding post corrrespondance，printed in huge quantity，widely used and sold over relatively long period of time and to meet postal need，and additional quantity is printed from time to time，producing a great variety of prints and many rich and colorful settings.Therefore，apart from normal issues，extras，varieties，errors，specimens and unissues emerge continuously to provide collectors with plenty of neverdreamed of collectibles，adding a number of new topics for study，and this is an important factor of why collectors are so deeply attracted to definitives.

Just because there are so many abnormalities of New China definitives，it is extremely difficult to make a detailed list of all kinds of normals and varieites，and this could only rely on people having a determined mind with their particular attention，an accumulaton of materials over a long stretch of time plus considerable investment，careful observation and verification before any exploits are gained.As we all know that the study of definitives is a microscale academic project in philately requiring deep-rooted philatelic skill and experience as well as a spirit of dedication，all the more so a possession of rich stock，a familarity and understanding of all types of definitive stamps.Fortunately，as the editor and author of the Illustrated Catalogue Li Qiushi owns all the abovementioned presumptives.He is a definitive collector，an expert in that，and a thorough knowhow in the field.For more than thirty past years he has been bending on collecting and studying New China definitives.He has compiled collections on the topic and participated stamps shows nationally，internationally and worldly，achieving remarkable results.With his proficient experience and in-depth study，to edite a New China difinitive catalogue becomes to him an easily handled task，like a dam already built where the water would flow.Apart from normals，the rare and scarce items shown in the catalgue are mostly items collected once or still in his collection therefore his judgement on their guniunesness and the estimated copies extant are deemed responsible and authoritative.Since the catalogue is a piece of professinal work，a detailed one on the topic，a high standard is set in the arranggement，selection，classification，description，pricing and print on every and all items are handled with accuracy.This is the major reason why I would like to recommend it to our readers.

The Illustrated Catalogue provides a detailed description of all the aforesaid definitive categories，edited in a practical way for conveninet reference.It is noteworthy that each varitey，extra and some postal covers reflecting postal history are shown in colored life size pictures，and this is not only for easy reference and comparision，but also a recognition and a record of the existence of these items，hence proving that they are of high value in philatelic literature and postal history.The accomplishment of the above is praiseworthy in itself.Each relevant item description is not just a lining up of its basic datum but a rather detailed introduction of its study on the basis of the datum relating to its background，publication，contemporaray post rate，characteristics of print die and rarities extant，in particular，the editor’s unique personal interpretation and his new discoveries in study，presenting an accumulation and a record of history for the relevant philatelic items.No matter an expert or a novice in the field，the reading of the catalogue is like going through one after another academic philatelic theses，receiving considerable enlightment and drawing new idea which is not expected from other catalogues.And this is one more reason why I recommend this catalogue to you.

We usually maintain that the pricing of stamps in editing a catalogue is quite essential.All other datum in any catalogue are fixed（unchanged）yet the price varies（from minutes to hours），because of this，the pricing is the most complicated and the hardest part in editing.In pricing，we do not seek an absolute price of any stamp，but aim at the correctness of proportional pricing from stamp to stamp，and in this lies the key and skill of price fixing.The editor of the Illuatrated Catalogue has a refined mastery of the ups and downs of the pricing，meeting in most cases the stamp’s worth.It can be said that his pricing pulsates with the market trend，so that not only all the absolute price fixing is reasonable，but the relative pricing is also pinpointed after much conscientious and careful market investigation.This is praiseworthy and commendable，again，an important and justified cause for my recommending this catalogue to readers.

It is my whole hearted wish that through reading and taking reference of Li Qiushi’s powerful work piece，the Illustrated Catalogue，an advanced collector reaps more philatelic knowledge and materials，while a beginner given an entry document in definitive philately.

Like a dream coming true，The Illustrated Catalogue of China Definitives（1950-2013）as a piece of powerfulwork bearing important philatelic significance and value in postl history.It has filled a gap in the study of definitives.Being an early collector on the topic，a researcher and promotor in the field，a“teacher”of definitives and a bosum friend to the editor，I have written this preface as requested.

Tang Wuji

Shanghai，Oct.2015