四、練習(xí)答案

Text I

Text Comprehension

I. Decide which of the following is NOT part of the theme of the essay.

C. 這個選項太極端了。作者在文中強調(diào)我們在大學(xué)中應(yīng)該做真實的自己，她并非是說讓我們可以為所欲為。

II. Judge, according to the text, whether the following statements are true or false.

Omitted

III. Answer the following questions.

1．Refer to para.l-2. She felt “first-gradish” on her arrival at the campus. The “first-gradish” feeling is a mixture of helplessness, disorientation, self-consciousness, and a lack of confidence.

2．Refer to para.3. She chose to sit in the front row, a side seat because the freshmen manual suggested sitting near the front to show that one was an intelligent and enthusiastic student. Since she was not confident enough to sit in the professor’s direct line of vision，she chose a side seat in the front row.

3．Refer to para.7. As all the students in the cafeteria came to their feet, table by table, cheering and clapping, I knew they had not only noticed, they were determined that I would never forget it.

4．Refer to para.9. He did not take the accident seriously. On the contrary, he took it light—heartedly and just laughed it off. It shows that accidents like that are quite common on campus and one should learn to take them easy. He learned that he had been taking himself far too seriously.

5．Refer to para.13-14. He decided that college was probably the only time he would be completely forgiven for massive mistakes. After graduation, he is still making mistakes. And he is even being forgiven for a few.

IV. Explain in your own words the following sentences.

1．I planned to be observant and silent so that nobody would notice that I was only a newcomer to college.

2．For 3 days, I was obsessed with a sense of shame and I didn’t go to cafeteria again. I ate nothing but snacks obtained from a machine which seemed to be purposefully placed outside my room by somebody.

3．It didn’t matter whether or not you were widely accepted or admired. You did not have to behave to the liking of everybody else.

Structural Analysis

Unlike an expository writing, which usually expresses the main idea in a thesis statement, in a narrative writing, the point is shown through dialogues, actions or events. The three incidents that are treated expansively in this essay are related to one another by their implicit messages-the mistakes the author made and her reaction toward the mistakes. It was in this process that the author achieved significant insight into herself.

Rhetorical features of the text

“I knew everyone would stare. Forget it. I settled into my chair and tried to assume the scientific pose of a biology major, bending slightly forward, tensing my arms in preparation for furious notetaking, and cursing under my breath” (Paragraph 5). “Keeping myself upright and getting out of the mess was not going to be easy, and this flailing of my feet was doing no good. Just as I decided to try another maneuver, my food tray tipped and I lost my balance” (Paragraph 6). The italicized parts in the selections offer vivid pictures of what she did or how she looked in some embarrassing situations.

Vocabulary

I. Explain the underlined part in each sentence in your own words.

1．I had just the feeling of a newcomer to college without the strength only an experienced student might possess

2．my apparent confidence

3．some food to appease my hunger

4．going with the tide of the majority was no longer crucial to your success in college

5．foolish and glaring mistakes

II. Fill in the blank in each sentence with a word taken from the box in the proper form.

1．distress

2．clutched

3．Pose

4．sneaked

5．preoccupation

6．shackles

7．curse

8．deliberation

III. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of the given words.

1．a(chǎn)ssure

2．discretion

3．relaxation

4．humiliate

5．strategy

6．embarrassment

7．maneuverable

8．immaturity

IV. Fill in the blank in each sentence with an appropriate phrasal verb or collocation taken from the text.

1．lived up to

2．headed for

3．seek out

4．has broken out

5．groped for

6．trying; on

7．go out to

8．tipped off

V. Give a synonym or an antonym of the word underlined in each sentence in the sense it is used.

1．vague / indistinct

2．inconspicuously / unobtrusively

3．self-restraint / self-control

4．clever / intelligent / sensible

5．manner / behavior

6．excited / agitated

7．sneak

8．mature / sophisticated

VI. Explain the underlined phrasal verbs in your own words.

1．became popular

2．respect

3．keep up

4． 1ead to

5．understand

6．found

7．use

8．start

Grammar

I. Combine each nominal clause in Column A with a sentence fragment in Column B to create a sensible sentence.

1．c

2．d

3．b

4．f

5．a(chǎn)

6．e

7．h

8．g

II. Rewrite the following sentences, beginning each one with a noun phrase or a nominal clause.

1．My decision to resign was wise.

2．Their readiness to accept the peace agreement really surprised the diplomatic world.

3．My determination to pass the test helped me.

4．Her failure to get into college disappointed her parents.

5．My willingness to cooperate was appreciated.

6．His refusal to help surprised me.

7．The proposal that we should import more equipment is to be discussed at the meeting.

8．Who can have told you that puzzles me.

III. Complete each sentence with what you think the most appropriate of the four choices given.

1．D

2．B

3．C

4．C

5．A

6．B

7．D

8．B

IV. Combine the two sentences in each group into one, using so that.

1．I spent the afternoon seeking out each of my classrooms so that I could make a perfectly timed entrance before each lecture.

2．He wore glasses and a false beard so that nobody would recognize him.

3．The stranger spoke very slowly so that I could understand what he said.

4．She locked the door so that she wouldn’t be disturbed.

5．John whispered so that others couldn’t hear him.

6．Please arrive early so that we can start the meeting on time.

7．John has brought a bicycle so that he may save money on bus travel.

8．The lecturer showed some slides so that he might illustrate his point.

V. Complete the following sentences using the words in the box.

1．Although/Though

2．yet

3．however/though

4．however/nevertheless/though

5．Although/Though

6．Despite/In spite of

7．a(chǎn)lthough/though

8．however

9．However

10．Despite/In spite of

VI. Make sentences of your own after the sentences given below, keeping the italicized parts in your sentences.

1．We have to get the car fixed, no matter how much it costs. You can’t go in no matter who you are.

No matter how frequently performed, the works of Beethoven always attract large audience.

2．He got up and refilled the teapot, then his cup, adding a touch of skimmed milk.

The children ran out of the room, laughing and talking merrily.

Hearing the news, they all jumped with joy.

Using what you know of word stems and word formation, you can make a guess at the meaning of a new word.

Translation

I. Translate the following sentences into Chinese.

1．事實上，無論我自我感覺有多么成熟，我仍然擺脫不了那種新生感。

2．新生手則上建議我們坐在靠前的位置，這樣能給教授留下勤奮而又朝氣勃勃的好印象。

3．接下來的三天里，我都被羞辱感和慚愧感占據(jù)著，獨自一人從寢室外的自動售貨機上買各種各樣的垃圾食品吃——這個機器好像是專門為我準(zhǔn)備似的。

4．我一度認(rèn)為，那些讓天真的大一新生尷尬的行為都是惡意的，現(xiàn)在看來，這不過是校園的開心一刻。

II. Translate the following sentences into English, using the words and phrases given in brackets.

1．It distressed me a great deal to hear the news that he had suffered repeated failures.

2．He assumed an air of cheerfulness, even though he lost favor with his boss.

3．Gulliver met with extraordinary adventures and saw a strange assortment of people.

4．He will be furious with you if you repeat the same mistake.

5．We were all greatly drawn by his frank views, humorous words and genial manner.

6．After the thunderous applause died down, the Nobel Prize winner began his speech.

7．He is gifted with a sort of insight and foresight, so he rarely runs with the crowd.

8．I find realities are very harsh after all, so one can hardly live up to his ideals.

III. Translate the following passage into Chinese.

我上大學(xué)的最初幾天是難以忘懷的。當(dāng)父親駕車離開，將我獨目留在校園里的時候，我不知道該做什么了。不管我如何極力拿出一副成熟的樣子，我就是擺脫不了一個一年級新生的感覺。我花了好幾個小時，搞清了我的寢室和我要上課的各個教室。第二天早上，我坐在教室的前排，打開《美國文學(xué)》選集，用一種熱情的態(tài)度準(zhǔn)備上課。但是，當(dāng)老師說“歡迎來聽生物課”時，我意識到自己坐錯了教室。我用鐵一樣的意志，擺出了一副生物專業(yè)學(xué)生的姿態(tài)，一直堅持到講座結(jié)束。下課以后，我感到我的胃需要加一點營養(yǎng)了，于是我匆匆趕往自助餐廳。但不幸的是，當(dāng)我端著食物托盤朝一張桌子走去時，腳一滑，托盤翻倒，我失去了平衡，直直地倒在地上。好幾天，我一直被一種恥辱感所困擾。過后，我漸漸地意識到自己把這種微不足道的小事看得過重了。在大學(xué)里，重要的是做自然的“我”，發(fā)現(xiàn)真正的“我”，而不是試圖把一切都做得盡善盡美。

Integrated Skills

I. Dictation.

There are generally two educational methods: / the lecture method and the group learning method. / In a lecture classroom, / the teacher dominates the class / by doing most of the talking. / Students listen and take notes. / This method is best at passing on content to students. / It prepares students for a society / that values discipline and self-control. / The problem is that students forget most of the facts / that they have mechanically memorized. / In contrast, / the teacher of a group learning classroom / appears to have node finite role at all, / wandering about from group to group. / Students do not memorize information, / but they actively generate their own ideas, / each contributing insights for the success of the group. / This method prepares students for a society / that values creative ideas. / The disadvantage is / that students have not memorized enough basic facts.

II. Fill in each blank in the passage below with ONE word you think appropriate.

1．comes

2．others

3．what

4．going

5．not

6．offer

7．relate

8．college

9．not

10．learn

Text II

Questions for discussion:

1．A University is even more enduring than religions and dynasties in that it is a place where the undying cause of bringing thought into the world is carded out.

2．Charles Darwin: theory of evolution; Albert Einstein: theory of relativity; Sigmund Freud: theory of psychoanalysis.

3．The Humanist is the man who believes in human intelligence and reason rather than depending on a sod or religion. Some of the major marks are stress on intellectual side, emphasizing the dignity of human beings and sufficient attention being given to the importance of the present life and the improving of one’s ability and pursuit of the beauty of life.

4．It may mean that it is an honor to be part of a University.

5．Four main points of the selection could be that it is splendid; it is beautiful; it is enduring; and it is an honor to be part of it.