Day 10

英文重現

Thus, the many service workers employed by manufacturers—bookkeepers or janitors, for example—would fall under the industrial rather than the services category. Such ambiguities reveal the arbitrariness of this definition and suggest that, although practical for government purposes, it does not accurately reflect the composition of the current United States economy.

——GMAT OG 2015, Reading Comprehension, Passage 8

解析

1.第三個句子的“employed by manufacturers”是過去分詞作定語，修飾前面的

“many service workers”。

2.兩個破折號之間的內容“bookkeepers or janitors for example”為“manufacturers”的同位語，舉例對“manufacturer”進行進一步解釋。

3.“although practical for government purposes”是“although”引導的讓步狀語從句，省略了主語和系動詞“it is”，狀語從句中的主語和主句的主語一致時，常常連帶系動詞一起

省略，如：

Though (it is) not large, the room is well decorated.

房間雖然不大，卻被裝飾得很好。

4.前面我們講過，“suggest”作“暗示；表明”的意思講時，其后如果接賓語從句，要用陳述語氣，而當作“提議”講時，其后接賓語從句，要用虛擬語氣，此處的“suggest”后面的“that”用的是陳述語氣，表示一個已經存在的真實情況。

詞義辨析

參考翻譯

因此，很多被工廠雇用的服務類勞動者——比如記賬員或看門人——會被歸入工業類，而不是服務類。這樣的模棱兩可透露了這種定義的任意性，也暗示盡管（這種定義）對政府的目的來說很實用，但它不能準確反映出現在美國經濟的組成。

實戰演練

The United States government's definition is more practical: services are the residual category that includes everything that is not agriculture or industry. Under this definition, services include activities as diverse as engineering and driving a bus. However, besides lacking a strong conceptual framework, this definition falls to recognize the distinction between service industries and service occupations. It categorizes workers based on their company's final product rather than on the actual work the employees perform. Thus, the many service workers employed by manufacturers—bookkeepers or janitors, for example—would fall under the industrial rather than the services category. Such ambiguities reveal the arbitrariness of this definition and suggest that, although practical for government purposes, it does not accurately reflect the composition of the current United States economy.

The author refers to “service workers employed by manufacturers” primarily in order to point out

(A) a type of worker not covered by the United States government's system of classifying occupations.

(B) a flaw in the United States government's definition of services.

(C) a factor that has influenced the growth of the service economy in the United States.

(D) a type of worker who is classified on the basis of work performed rather than on the basis of the company's final product.

(E) the diversity of the workers who are referred to as service workers.

答案：B

答案解析

“service workers employed by manufacturers”所在的句子為“Thus, the many service workers employed by manufacturers—bookkeepers or janitors, for example—would fall under the industrial rather than the services category”，“thus”表示結果，所以該句子是上一句話“It categorizes workers … the employees perform”的結果，是為了進一步證明上句話，而上句話的目的是指出美國政府對服務行業的定義的一個缺點，所以題干中引用的部分目的也是為了指出美國政府所下的定義的缺點，因此選項B“美國政府關于服務行業的定義中的一個缺陷”正確。選項A“美國政府對職業歸類的系統沒有涵蓋到的一類工作者”、選項C

“一個影響美國服務經濟發展的因素”，及選項E“服務工作者的多樣性”都明顯不對；而選項D“根據所做的工作，而非所在公司的最終產品，被歸類的一類工作者”與文章的說法剛好相反。