Day 9

英文重現(xiàn)

However, besides lacking a strong conceptual framework, this definition fails to recognize the distinction between service industries and service occupations. It categorizes workers based on their company's final product rather than on the actual work the employees perform.

——GMAT OG 2015, Reading Comprehension, Passage 8

解析

1.此處“besides”相當于“in addition to/apart from”，意思是“除了……之外（還

有）”，注意一定不要寫成“beside”，意思是“在……旁邊”。

2.第二個句子中的“it”指代“this definition”；“the employees perform”是定語從句，省略了關系代詞“that”，修飾前面的“actual work”。

3.第二個句子中，“rather than on…”是“rather than based on…”的省略，“rather than”意為“是……而不是……”，連接兩個平行的結(jié)構(gòu)“based on their company's final product”與“(based) on the actual work the employees perform”。

詞義辨析

參考翻譯

但是，除了缺乏一個強大的概念框架之外，這種定義（也）無法將服務行業(yè)和服務職業(yè)區(qū)分開。它根據(jù)勞動者公司的最終產(chǎn)品，而不是員工所做的實際工作，對勞動者進行分類。

實戰(zhàn)演練

The United States government's definition is more practical: services are the residual category that includes everything that is not agriculture or industry. Under this definition, services include activities as diverse as engineering and driving a bus. However, besides lacking a strong conceptual framework, this definition fails to recognize the distinction between service industries and service occupations. It categorizes workers based on their company's final product rather than on the actual work the employees perform. Thus, the many service workers employed by manufacturers—bookkeepers or janitors, for example—would fall under the industrial rather than the services category. Such ambiguities reveal the arbitrariness of this definition and suggest that, although practical for government purposes, it does not accurately reflect the composition of the current United States economy.

The author of the passage mentions which of the following as one disadvantage of the United States government's definition of services?

(A) It is less useful than the other definitions mentioned in the passage.

(B) It is narrower in scope than the other definitions mentioned in the passage.

(C) It is based on the final product produced rather than on the type of work performed.

(D) It does not recognize the diversity of occupations within the service industries.

(E) It misclassifies many workers who are employed in service industries.

答案：C

答案解析

因為整篇文章都是圍繞“definition of services”展開的，需要結(jié)合“disadvantage”的意思定位到原文“However, besides lacking a strong conceptual framework, this definition fails to recognize the distinction between service industries and service occupations”，根據(jù)“besides”和“fails”兩個詞可知，“definition”有兩個缺點，一是缺乏一個強大的概念框架，二是沒能將服務行業(yè)和服務職業(yè)區(qū)分開，而下一句“它根據(jù)勞動者公司的最終產(chǎn)品，而不是員工所做的實際工作，對勞動者進行分類”則是對第二個缺點的進一步解釋。能與這些缺點對應的只有選項C“它是基于最終產(chǎn)品而不是基于工作類型的”。

其他選項的意思分別是：

A.它不如文章中提到的其他定義實用。

B.它比文章中提到的其他定義在范圍上更窄。

D.它沒有意識到服務行業(yè)內(nèi)部職業(yè)的多樣性。

E.它將在服務行業(yè)工作的很多工人都錯誤地歸類了（該選項容易選錯，它錯在不應該是“in service industries”，而應該是“in service occupations”，根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，可推出是

將具有服務性質(zhì)的工作錯誤歸類了，因為所在公司的最終產(chǎn)品沒有被歸入服務行業(yè)，所以這些工人也沒有被歸入服務行業(yè)）。