What just happened?

As you've seen in this example, there are different kinds of processing; some of them are the same as dimensions and partitions. Some of them are only for one of the processing types. The following table (available at http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms174774.aspx) provides an explanation of the most useful kinds of processing and the SSAS database object that they can be applied to:

The time taken for processing depends on the structure of data and constraints in the destination database and also depends on the quality of data in the source database; there might be occurrence of some errors. You can catch errors during the processing and do some error configuration. This configuration can be found in the Dimension Designer, cube designer, and also in the Process window, as shown in the next screenshot (by clicking on Change Settings). The next screenshot shows a sample of the Dimension key errors settings.

One of the reasons to use error configuration is to deal with errors that occur during processing. For example, you might want to catch errors such as key not found and log them, but you still to perform the processing. So, you can use error configuration to perform settings to cover that requirement. Take a look at the following screenshot, which shows the change settings: