官术网_书友最值得收藏!

Improving justification and hyphenation

Sometimes, you may get warnings like overfull \hbox, or you may notice words hanging in the margin. This is a sign that LaTeX has had serious problems with justification. Now, we will take a look at how to improve that.

How to do it...

You can start with any document. We will optimize it with settings in the preamble. If you don't have one at hand, you can take one from the code package for this book, specifically for the first chapter, or download one at http://latex-cookbook.net. Let's proceed:

  1. Load the package babel with your document languages as options. Use the preferred language as the last option:
    \usepackage[ngerman,english]{babel}
  2. If you would like to use handy shortcuts of the ngerman package with English too, add the following lines of code:
    \useshorthands{"}
    \addto\extrasenglish{\languageshorthands{ngerman}}
  3. Load the fontenc package with the T1 option set:
    \usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
  4. Load the microtype package for improved micro-typography:
    \usepackage{microtype}

How it works...

With the babel package, LaTeX uses the hyphenation patterns for the chosen language. Even for the English language it could be useful. As you have seen, the babel package can additionally load the handy ngerman shortcuts for hyphenation commands. You can find such shorthand commands in the babel manual. You can open it by typing the texdoc babel command in Command Prompt, or you can find it online at http://texdoc.net/pkg/babel.

The modern font encoding T1 improves the situation further. When TeX and LaTeX were introduced, fonts did not contain glyphs for accented characters. They were printed as two characters, one being the actual accent. That's bad for copying and pasting from the final PDF output. It also interfered with hyphenation.

The default encoding is called OT1, and covers 128 glyphs, which means that it encodes 128 characters. T1 provides 256 glyphs, so many accented characters are included. That's why T1 is recommended for Western European languages. There are further encodings for other languages, such as for Cyrillic and for Asian languages. If you would like to work with them, take a look at the fontenc manual by typing the texdoc fontenc command in Command Prompt, or you can read it online at http://texdoc.net/pkg/fontenc.

Finally, we let the microtype package apply micro-typographic extensions. For example, the font size, even of single letters, might be scaled a little bit in favor of better full justification. You hardly can notice this with the naked eye, but you can see the effect of less hyphenation and better overall greyness of the text. Therefore, there should be smaller white gaps between words.

Furthermore, the microtype package subtly adjusts punctuation at the margin for better optical alignment, instead of just mechanical justification.

主站蜘蛛池模板: 子洲县| 红桥区| 华容县| 千阳县| 南召县| 巴塘县| 双流县| 苏尼特右旗| 图木舒克市| 晴隆县| 龙游县| 济南市| 夹江县| 东海县| 分宜县| 航空| 永康市| 弋阳县| 桓台县| 吉林市| 昭通市| 伊宁县| 洛宁县| 乌什县| 金湖县| 伊春市| 临高县| 怀集县| 威信县| 石嘴山市| 石泉县| 泰州市| 华安县| 莎车县| 东乡族自治县| 双辽市| 皋兰县| 扶绥县| 甘德县| 红原县| 嘉义县|