Kubernetes

Kubernetes is a cluster manager from Google. Google was the first company to introduce the concept of container clusters. Kubernetes has many amazing features for cluster management. A few of them are:

• Pods: Kubernetes pods are used for logically grouping containers. Pods are scheduled and managed as independent units. Pods can also share data and communication channels. On the down side if one container in a pod dies, the whole pod dies. This might be valid in the cases of these containers being interdependent or closely coupled.
• Replication controllers: Replication controllers ensure reliability across hosts. For example, let's say you always want three pod units/pods of the backend service, replication controllers ensure that three pods are running by checking their health on a regular basis. If any pod doesn't respond, replication controllers immediately spin up another instance of pod and therefore ensure reliability and availability.
• Labels: Labels are used to collectively name a set of pods so that teams can operate them as collective units. Naming can be done using environments such as dev, staging and production, or using geographical locations. Replication controllers can be used to collectively migrate collection of pods across nodes, grouping them by labels.
• Service proxy: Within a huge container cluster, you would need a neat and clean mechanism to resolve pods/container hosts using labels or name queries. Service proxy helps you resolve requests to a single logical set of pods using label-driven selectors. In the future you might see custom proxies that resolve to a pod based on custom configuration. For example, if you want to serve your premium customers using one set of frontend pods that are configured for quick response times and basic customers using another set of frontend pods, you can configure the environment accordingly and route traffic based on smart domain driven decisions.