Vector

The vector is a core component of R. It is a fundamental data type. Essentially, a vector is a data structure that contains an array where all of the values are the same type. For example, they could all be strings, or numbers. However, note that vectors cannot contain mixed data types.

R uses the c() function to take a list of items and turns them into a vector.

Lists

R contains two types of lists: a basic list, and a named list. A basic list is created using the list() operator. In a named list, every item in the list has a name as well as a value. named lists are a good mapping structure to help map data between R and Tableau. In R, lists are mapped using the $ operator. Note, however, that the list label operators are case sensitive.

Matrices

Matrices are two-dimensional structures that have rows and columns. The matrices are lists of rows. It's important to note that every cell in a matrix has the same type.

Factors

A factor is a list of all possible values of a variable in a string format. It is a special string type, which is chosen from a specified set of values known as levels. They are sometimes known as categorical variables. In dimensional modeling terminology, a factor is equivalent to a dimension, and the levels represent different attributes of the dimension. Note that factors are variables that can only contain a limited number of different values.