官术网_书友最值得收藏!

It's all about labels

In Git, a branch is nothing more than a label, a mobile label placed on a commit.

In fact, every leaf on a Git branch has to be labeled with a meaningful name to allow us to reach it and then move around, go back, merge, rebase, or discard some commits when needed.

Let's start exploring this topic by checking the current status of our grocery repository; we do it using the well-known git log command, this time adding some new options:

[1] ~/grocery (master)
$ git log --oneline --graph --decorate
* e4a5e7b (HEAD -> master) Add an apple
* a57d783 Add a banana to the shopping list

Let's look at those options in detail:

  • --graph: In this case it just adds an asterisk to the left, before the commit hash, but when you have more branches, this option will draw them for us giving a simple but effective graphical representation of the repository
  • --decorate: This option prints out the labels attached to any commits that are shown; in this case, it prints (HEAD ->master) on the e4a5e7b commit
  • --oneline: This is easy to understand: it reports every commit using one line, shortening things when necessary

We'll now do a new commit and see what happens:

[2] ~/grocery (master)
$ echo "orange" >> shoppingList.txt

[3] ~/grocery (master)
$ git commit -am "Add an orange"
[master 0e8b5cf] Add an orange
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)

Have you noticed? After adding an orange to the shopingList.txt, I made a commit without first making git add; the trick is in the -a (--add) option added to the git commit command, which means add to this commit all the modified files that I have already committed at least one time before. In our case, this option allowed us to go faster and skip the git add command.

Anyway, use it carefully, especially while learning and using Git at the beginning: you easily end up doing commit with more files than you want.

Okay, go on now and take a look at the current repository situation:

[4] ~/grocery (master)
$ git log --oneline --graph --decorate
* 0e8b5cf (HEAD -> master) Add an orange
* e4a5e7b Add an apple
* a57d783 Add a banana to the shopping list

Interesting! Both HEAD and master have now moved on the last commit, the third one; what does it mean?

主站蜘蛛池模板: 台州市| 五大连池市| 吉林市| 上栗县| 阳江市| 新宁县| 纳雍县| 江油市| 泸州市| 涟源市| 理塘县| 余干县| 牙克石市| 称多县| 黑水县| 美姑县| 嘉善县| 宝坻区| 满洲里市| 县级市| 高邮市| 江城| 万山特区| 永州市| 出国| 合山市| 彩票| 蓬莱市| 治多县| 通榆县| 从化市| 秀山| 来凤县| 齐齐哈尔市| 桐梓县| 沐川县| 宁晋县| 通化市| 建瓯市| 砚山县| 河津市|