Scalars, vectors, and matrices

Scalars, vectors, and matrices are the fundamental objects of mathematics. Basic definitions are listed as follows:

• Scalar is represented by a single number or numerical value called magnitude.
• Vector is an array of numbers assembled in order. A unique index identifies each number. Vector represents a point in space, with each element giving the coordinate along a different axis.
• Matrices is a two-dimensional array of numbers where each number is identified using two indices (i, j).