Object-oriented versus functional paradigms 

With its roots in the mathematics discipline, the functional programming paradigm is simple. It works on the theory of functions which produce values that are immutable. Immutable values mean they can't be modified later on directly. In the functional paradigm, all computations are performed by calling self/other functions. Functions are first-class citizens in the functional world. This opens up a new world of possibilities where all computations are driven by a certain need.

The object-oriented planet revolves around encapsulation and abstractions. The logical grouping of components makes maintenance of larger and complex programs easier. Data and models are encapsulated in objects. Information hiding is effective for containing an object's properties. Inheritance hierarchies, the concept of classes, and messaging between objects makes the whole model/pattern of object-oriented programming a partial success.