Garbage collection

Garbage collection is a strategy for automatically detecting memory allocated to objects that are no longer usable in a program and returning that allocated memory to the pool of free memory locations. All memory management techniques, including garbage collection, take a significant proportion of a program's total processing time and, as a result, can greatly influence performance. With modern, optimized garbage collection algorithms, memory can be released faster than with manual memory management. But depending on the application, the opposite can also be true, and many developers prefer to deallocate memory themselves. One of the biggest advantages that manual memory management has is the ability to reclaim resources before an object is destroyed. This process is referred to as finalization, and we'll touch on it further because it can also be a performance issue.

Memory management is an essential process that's applied to the computer memory. Since the JVM uses automatic memory management with the garbage collection strategy we should know what it is and how it works.