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History

React-Router has a dependency on the history package. history is a JavaScript library used in maintaining sessions in any JavaScript application. Consider the following quote from history’s documentation (https://github.com/ReactTraining/history):

" history is a JavaScript library that lets you easily manage session history anywhere JavaScript runs. history abstracts away the differences in various environments and provides a minimal API that lets you manage the history stack, navigate, confirm navigation, and persist state between sessions."

The history object has several properties and methods:

  • action: The current action, PUSH, POP, or REPLACE
  • length: The count of entries in the history stack
  • location: The current location, which includes the hash, pathnamesearch, and state properties
    • hash: Hash fragment 
    • pathname: URL path
    • search: URL query string
    • state: The state information provided when navigating from one route to the other using location.pushState
  • block(): A function that registers a prompt message that will be displayed when the user tries to navigate away from the current page.
  • createHref(): A function that constructs a URL segment; it accepts an object with the pathname, search, and hash properties.
  • go(n): A function that navigates through the history stack. history.go(-1) moves the pointer back by one position and history.go(1) moves the pointer forward by one position in the history stack.
  • goBack(): A function that navigates the pointer back by one position in the history stack; the same as history.go(-1).
  • goForward(): A function that navigates the pointer forward by one position in the history stack; the same as history.go(1).
  • listen(listenerFn): A function that registers a listener function that gets called whenever there's a change in history.location.
  • push(path, state?): A function that navigates to the given pathname, adding an entry to the history stack. It optionally accepts a state parameter, which can be used to pass application state data.
  • replace(path, state?): A function that navigates to the given pathname, replacing the current entry in the history stack. It also accepts an optional state parameter.

The history object is used by React-Router internally to update the entries in the history stack when the user tries to navigate between pages. It's provided to the rendered component as a prop so that the user can be navigated to different pages using the aforementioned methods in the history object. In the next chapter, we will take a look at various APIs provided by React-Router that help you navigate to different routes defined in the application.

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