Conventions used

There are a number of text conventions used throughout this book.

CodeInText: Indicates code words in text, database table names, folder names, filenames, file extensions, pathnames, dummy URLs, user input, and Twitter handles. Here is an example: "It gave me a Matthews correlation coefficient of 0.3888239300421191."

A block of code is set as follows:

rawTrafficDF.select("Hour (Coded)", "Immobilized bus", "Broken Truck", 
                    "Vehicle excess", "Fire", "Slowness in traffic (%)").show(5)

When we wish to draw your attention to a particular part of a code block, the relevant lines or items are set in bold:

// Create a decision tree estimator
val dt = new DecisionTreeClassifier()
      .setImpurity("gini")
      .setMaxBins(10)
      .setMaxDepth(30)
      .setLabelCol("label")
      .setFeaturesCol("features")

Any command-line input or output is written as follows:

 +-----+-----+
 |churn|count|
 +-----+-----+
 |False| 2278|
 | True| 388 |
 +-----+-----+

Bold: Indicates a new term, an important word, or words that you see onscreen. For example, words in menus or dialog boxes appear in the text like this. Here is an example: "Clicking the Next button moves you to the next screen."