四、練習(xí)答案

Text I

Text Comprehension

I. Decide which of the following best states the author’s view on fun.

C.

II. Judge, according to the text, whether the following statements are true or false.

1．T

2．T

3．F

4．T

5．F

III. Answer the following questions.

Omitted.

IV. Explain in your own words the following sentences.

1．Nowadays, people believe that they can have fun whenever they want it, and that they should have fun; otherwise they would be leading a dull and bitter life as a puritan.

2．We have long assumed that fun was easy to have, but now we are paying a price fur that shallow-mindedness, i.e. our party is hardly as much fun as it is intended to be.

Structural Analysis

Paragraph 12 is the turning point where the writer switches from negation to affirmation. With the last 3 paragraphs presented mostly affirmative, the tone is thus turned from irony to matter-of-factness.

Rhetorical features of the text

Here is an example: “Think of all the things that got the reputation of being fun. Family outings were supposed to be fun. Sex was supposed to be fun. Education was supposed to be fun. Work was supposed to be fun Walt Disney was-sup- Posed to be fun. Church was supposed to be fun. Staying fit was sup. Dosed to be fun” (Paragraph 6). The underlined part in the quotation displays the repetition of the pattern: “…was supposed to be fun.” which shows how one might spare no efforts to find fun in everything through enumeration as a way of illustration.

Vocabulary

I. Explain the underlined part in each sentence in your own words.

1．we should be morally too strict with ourselves to enjoy life

2．that made all other questions less significant

3．counting fun as the most important quality in life

4．the best example of having fun

5．by nothing more than simple exposure

II. Fill in the blank in each sentence with a word taken from the box in its appropriate form.

1．overshadows

2．traipse

3．fetish

4．flunked

5．swilling

6．flicked

7．epitome

8．licentiousness

III. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of the given words.

1．insured

2．undeserved

3．generosity

4．benefits

5．regrettable

6．mirthful

7．blasphemy

8．reverence

IV. Fill in the blank(s) in each sentence with an appropriate phrasal verb or collocation taken from the text.

1．turn into

2．occurred to

3．end up

4．step up

5．pay…back

6．look forward to

7．look for

8．managed to

V. Give a synonym or an antonym of the word underlined in each sentence in the sense it is used.

1．excursion/ jaunt

2．failing

3．irreverently / disrespectfully / contemptuously

4．a(chǎn)dvertisements

5．quintessence / embodiment

6．grief / sadness / melancholy

7．profane / revile

8．examine / scrutinize

VI. Explain the underlined phrasal verbs in your own words.

1．drew attention to

2．represents

3．fully explain

4．challenged by

5．support

6．bored

7．be well understood

8．visited

Grammar

I. Use the words in the brackets to link the causes and effects in the following sentences.

1．Since everybody says Woody Allen’s latest film is good, I think I’ll go and see it.

2．All of us were very excited because the departure was approaching.

3．The excitement will be so great that nobody will be able to sleep.

4．As Mr. Jordan liked Morocco very much when he first went there, he wants to go there again.

5．This album of Bruce Springsteen sounds exciting, so we are thinking of buying it.

6．My wife coughed a lot last night. As a result, she is thinking of giving up smoking for a while.

7．Seeing that the students were not interested, Professor Jones ended the seminar.

8．I feel much better now that I’ve talked to you.

II. Make sentences, linking the openings on the left with the conclusions on the right. Use the linking expressions in the middle.

1．New investment has been made in order that roads can be improved.

2．Being late, she took a taxi 80 as not to lose time.

3．Audiovisual equipment is often used for language learning.

4．She never walked through the park for fear that she might meet him again.

5．She decided to move to London 80 that she could be near her child.

6．She’ll be at the airport in order to meet the new tourist group.

7．Take your passport in case they ask for identification.

8．She goes to work by bus to avoid using the car.

III. Correct the errors, where found, in the following sentences.

1．it all happened改為did it all happen

2．because改為because of

3．guarantee改為guaranteeing

4．such shock改為such a shock

5．整句話改為They found him guilty for he had no convincing explanation for his actions.

6．learnt改為could learn

7．a(chǎn)bout it改為about that it

8．in order that they改為in order to / in order that they could

IV. Complete the following sentences with the words and phrases in the box.

1．so…that

2．thus

3．in that

4．With

5．so…that

6．Owing to

7．for

8．Seeing that

V. Complete the following letter with the appropriate forms of the given.

should / would like, have just heard, would exactly suit, doesn’t apply, won’t get it

saw, had just left / was just leaving, said, was going, promised to, (had) found, have heard, don’t know, went

know, should be / would be, would phone, have tried, doesn’t see

VI. Make sentences of your own after the sentences given below, keeping the underlined parts in your sentences.

1．This machine is not supposed to make noise.

He was supposed to be a college graduate but he knew nothing of history. This meeting and the entire arrangement, is supposed to be confidential. The fuel of the continental missile is supposed to be ignited by this device.

2．I was having such a wonderful time that I didn’t want to leave.

There was such a big line at the movie that we had to wait before we could get in.

His mind was in such a whirl that he could hardly composed his thoughts.

Translation

I. Translate the following sentences into Chinese.

1．“有趣嗎？”這一問題使所有其它問題黯然失色，比如，“道德嗎？”“仁慈嗎？”“誠實(shí)嗎？”“有益嗎？”“慷慨嗎？”“有必要嗎？”和（我最喜歡的）“無私嗎？”等一些有意義的問題。

2．當(dāng)樂趣成為生活中的主要內(nèi)容時，隨之而來的，必定是對樂趣的迷戀和崇拜。

3．在坐待樂趣的來臨的時候，我發(fā)現(xiàn)其實(shí)并沒有多少樂趣可言，我得告訴你們這一點(diǎn)，免得你們還擔(dān)心自己無力消受。

4．由于我們多年來總以為樂趣無處不在，快樂之神用拒絕光臨我們聚會的方式來對我們實(shí)施報復(fù)。

II. Translate the following sentences into English, using the words or phrases given in the brackets.

1．It goes without saying that Shakespeare overshadows all the other playwrights throughout the ages.

2．The Great Gatsby is commonly deemed as the epitome of the Jazz Age of the last century in America.

3．It is advisable for you not to put a damper on his enthusiasm to further his studies at Harvard.

4．Young people tend to make a fetish of glamorous stars in sports and entertainment circles.

5．They traipsed all the way to the People’s Square for the celebrations of the National Day.

6．He does not deserve such severe punishment as he has committed neither serious errors nor grave crimes.

7．Every time I met him, he would talk a whole lot of nonsense.

8．Reputation is a trap into which many people are ready to fall.

III. Translate the following passage into Chinese.

有人認(rèn)為，生活中樂趣勝過其他一切事情。他們甚至從不考慮任何嚴(yán)肅的事，從來不對這種樂趣是不是有道德、誠實(shí)或有必要這類問題提出疑問。當(dāng)然，許多事確實(shí)有樂趣。全家郊游有樂趣，打一場籃球有樂趣，喝著咖啡聊天有樂趣。但是，如果你把找樂子看成是生活中必不可少的東西的話，那么，你必然會尋找越來越刺激的方法來提供樂趣，其中一個典型的方法是不斷提升危險或酗酒的程度，以設(shè)法得到一點(diǎn)樂趣。你應(yīng)該避免褻瀆樂趣，否則，過火的代價可能會是，不管你如何努力，就是沒有樂趣。所以，正確的方法是帶著一份敬意來看待樂趣，這樣，你時常可以有一點(diǎn)新鮮的樂趣。

Integrated Skills

I. Dictation

The first of April / is commonly known as April Fools’ Day / and it’s a custom on this day / to play a trick on a friend. / You do this / by causing your friend to believe something / that isn’t true. / If your friend falls into the trap, / then he or she is an April fool. / This strange custom has been observed / by both children and adults for centuries. / Its origin is uncertain / and may once have been cruel. / But today the tricks and practical jokes are harmless / and played mostly for fun. / Usually these jokes are played on friends and colleagues / but sometimes they are played on a wider scale. / One serious national newspaper / reported on a new machine / to transport  passengers from London to Australia in ten minutes. / Another published S  four-page survey of a nonexistent island in the Pacific. / And even on BBC  television news / there was an item / which showed a kind of an Italian noodle / being harvested from trees.

II. Fill in each blank in the passage below with ONE word you think appropriate.

1．a(chǎn)s

2．hands

3．go

4．up

5．industries

6．or

7．include

8．on

9．provided

10．a(chǎn)im

Text II

Questions for discussion

1．Our age, according to the author, is the age of thrills. It generates many more thrills than any of the previous ages did and people in our age expect to be thrilled as continuously as people in no other ages did. We have cinemas running all day long, publishing houses pouring out thousands upon thousands of thrillers every day and various devices of excitements of speed. We are by no means short of a diversity and variety of thrills.

2．Happiness is not rooted in thrills, which are merely amusements. Happiness chiefly derives from affection for people and interest in various objects in the external world. It is the simple joy in life rather than the thrilling experience that provides us with happiness which is deep and lasting. And those who are truly happy do not depend on thrills for their happiness, for thrills can only help to get rid of the feeling of boredom.

3．Great books bring us exaltations while thrilling books only excite our nerves superficially; great books inspire imagination and affection while thrilling books can hardly do so. Great books can help us to gain an insight into the reality, into the essence of life, into the nature of human beings and into the truth of the universe while thrilling books can help us to escape from reality and worries in life for some time.

4．We, as human beings, can enjoy thrills occasionally, for various forms of thrills can serve as a kind of spice in life, but what is important is that we should learn to derive our pleasures from simple things in life so as to feel truly happy. In addition, if we learn how to bear a certain degree of boredom, we may enjoy life more intensely.