第五章 西部地區基礎設施建設

摘要

基礎設施對區域經濟發展具有重要的帶動作用。西部大開發以來，我國西部地區的基礎設施建設取得了明顯成效，綜合交通運輸體系逐步完善，動力基礎設施建設取得突破，信息基礎設施的支撐能力進一步提高，一批大型骨干水利工程先后建成并投入使用。值得注意的是，新一輪西部大開發基礎設施建設中也存在不少需要解決的重大問題，如對基礎設施效益綜合性和建設戰略性的正確認識問題、能源輸送通道建設問題、局部地區水電資源開發與生態環境保護的協調問題、特高壓電網建設問題以及智慧城市建設問題等。在對上述問題進行研究的基礎上，本章提出了新一輪西部大開發的基本思路：堅持突出重點的發展和建設導向，采取量力而行和跨越發展兼顧的發展路徑，堅持生態優先的建設理念，完善政府主導與市場化運作相結合的投資建設體制。根據新一輪西部大開發的基本思路，本章認為，“十二五”期間西部地區基礎設施建設應重點做好五項工作，即進一步加快交通基礎設施建設，加快西北地區能源輸送通道建設，穩妥推動特高壓電網建設，穩步推動西南地區水電站建設，加快重點經濟區內智慧城市建設步伐。為了完成上述任務，本章提出了正確履行政府在基礎設施建設中的職能，創新投資融資方式，加強基礎設施建設領域反腐制度建設，完善基礎設施建設中的協調機制等對策措施。

Abstract

Infrastructure plays an important driving role in regional economic development.Since the development of the Western region, we have achieved tangible achievements in the infrastructure construction in Western China, including that integrated transport systems have been gradually improved, dynamic infrastructure has got breakthrough, supporting capabilities of information infrastructure have been further enhanced, and a group of large shaft water project has been put into use.What is worthy of note is that infrastructure construction in the new cycle of Western development is confronted with many major issues which need to be addressed, such as the correct understanding of integrated benefits and the strategic construction concerning to infrastructure, problems on energy transmission channel construction, problems on UHV grid construction, coordination issues between local area hydropower resources development and ecological environment protection, and problems on Wise City construction.On the basis of the above-mentioned study, the report proposes basic ideas of a new cycle of great Western development:adhere to development and construction guide with highlighting the focus, take the development path taking the affordable and leap-forward development into account, adhere to eco-priority construction concept, further perfect the Government-led investment and construction combined with market operation system.According to the basic ideas of the new cycle of development of the Western region, the report points out that infrastructure construction in the Western region during the 12th five-year plan should focus on five points, that is, further quickening the construction of transportation infrastructure, accelerating the construction of energy transmission in the Northwest channel, steadily promoting the construction of UHV and hydroelectric power station in Southwest China, and accelerating the pace of construction of Wise City in the key economic region.In order to accomplish the above tasks, the report proposes a number of measures, such as the proper discharge of government functions in the construction of infrastructure, innovating methods of investment and financing, strengthening the construction of anti-corruption system in the field of infrastructure construction, and improving the coordination mechanisms in infrastructure construction.

基礎設施是社會先行資本中的重要構成部分，在我國社會經濟發展中構成了其他產業直接或間接的動力與支持系統，對區域經濟增長有著強有力的帶動作用。因此，改善基礎設施狀況是西部大開發的主要目標之一，而加快基礎設施建設則成為西部大開發的戰略選擇。