第二章 西部地區發展現狀與思路

摘要

本章主要對西部大開發十多年來的經濟社會發展現狀進行了綜合分析和評價。分析認為，西部大開發以來西部地區經濟發展明顯加快，發展活力不斷增強，發展水平不斷提高，發展質量不斷提升；經濟快速發展同時促進了社會全面進步，居民生活質量大幅提高，城鎮化發展迅速，公共服務逐步完善，人口素質不斷提高；基礎設施和生態環境建設取得突破性進展，西部地區全面建設小康社會與構建社會主義和諧社會進入新階段。然而西部地區發展任務仍然非常艱巨，與東部地區相比經濟社會發展的差距仍然較大，主要問題表現為區域協調發展、產業發展、能源資源綜合開發利用、生態環境保護、人力資本開發、公共服務、統籌城鄉發展、改革開放等方面。

基于上述分析，本章提出“十二五”時期西部地區在原有發展的基礎上，開發理念應由注重增長速度轉向發展質量、效益與速度并重，以“鞏固基礎與深入推進”作為“十二五”時期的發展主題，以增強內生增長動力、促進發展方式轉型作為西部地區發展的關鍵，通過推動“六個增長”實現“四個新突破”，最終實現“西部地區綜合經濟實力上一個大臺階，人民生活水平和質量上一個大臺階，生態環境保護上一個大臺階”的總體目標。

Abstract

This chapter focuses on the analysis and evaluation of economic and social development of the western regions in China since the introduction of large-scale development policy more than 10 years ago.The analysis indicates that since the large-scale development of the western regions, the economic development of the western region has accelerated noticeably, the vitality of development is strengthened ceaselessly, the level of development continuously improves, and the quality of development upgrades.Besides the development of economy, social progress is also promoted.For example, the quality of life of the residents has increased, the urbanization development is swift and violent, the basic public services are gradually perfect, and the population quality is continuously improving.In addition, the infrastructure and ecological environment construction has made a breakthrough, the comprehensive construction of a well-off society and the building of a harmonious socialist society is updated. However, the development of the western regions is still a relatively arduous task, because the gap between the western and the eastern regions is still large.The main problems lies in eight aspects of regional development coordination, industrial development, comprehensive development and utilization of energy resources, ecological and environmental protection, human capital development, basic public services, urban and rural development, reform and opening.

Based on the above analysis, this chapter reveals that in the“12th Five-Year Plan”period, the priorities of the development of western regions need to be shifted from the speed to both speed and quality, taking“consolidation and further promotion”as the theme, taking enhancing endogenous growth momentum and promoting transformation of development mode as the key, promoting“six growth”, making“four new breakthroughs”, and ultimately realizing the overall objective of“a big step in the economic strength, a big step in the living standards and quality, a big step in the protection of the ecological environment”.